JB/T 8938-1999 污水处理设备 通用技术条件
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来源:标准资料网
基本信息
标准名称: | 污水处理设备 通用技术条件 |
英文名称: | General specification for sewage treatment equipment |
中标分类: |
机械 >>
通用机械与设备 >>
环境保护设备 |
ICS分类: |
环保、保健与安全 >>
废物 >>
废物处置和处理设备与装置
|
发布部门: | 环境保护机械标准化技术委员会 |
发布日期: | 1999-07-12 |
实施日期: | 2000-01-01 |
首发日期: | 1900-01-01 |
作废日期: | 1900-01-01 |
归口单位: | 环境保护机械标准化技术委员会 |
出版日期: | 1900-01-01 |
页数: | 7 页 |
批文号: | 国机管[1999]389号 |
适用范围
JB/T 8938-1999
前言
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目录
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引用标准
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所属分类: 机械 通用机械与设备 环境保护设备 环保 保健与安全 废物 废物处置和处理设备与装置
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforNaI(Tl)Gamma-RaySpectrometryofWater
【原文标准名称】:用NaI(TI)γ射线光谱法处理水的标准规程
【标准号】:ASTMD4962-2002
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D19.04
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:γ辐射;放射性同位素;水质分析
【英文主题词】:gammapulseheightanalysis;gammarayspectrometry;multichannelanalyzer;sodiumiodidedetector
【摘要】:Gamma-rayspectrometryisusedtoidentifyradionuclidesandtomakequantitativemeasurements.Useofacomputerandalibraryofstandardspectrawillberequiredforquantitativeanalysisofcomplexmixturesofnuclides.Variationofthephysicalgeometryofthesampleanditsrelationshipwiththedetectorwillproducebothqualitativeandquantitativevariationsinthegamma-rayspectrum.Toadequatelyaccountforthesegeometryeffects,calibrationsaredesignedtoduplicateallconditionsincludingsource-to-detectordistance,sampleshapeandsize,andsamplematrixencounteredwhensamplesaremeasured.Thismeansthatacompletesetoflibrarystandardsmayberequiredforeachgeometryandsampletodetectordistancecombinationthatwillbeused.Sincesomespectrometrysystemsarecalibratedatmanydiscretedistancesfromthedetector,awiderangeofactivitylevelscanbemeasuredonthesamedetector.Forhigh-levelsamples,extremelylowefficiencygeometriesmaybeused.Quantitativemeasurementscanbemadeaccuratelyandpreciselywhenhighactivitylevelsamplesareplacedatdistancesof1mormorefromthedetector.Electronicproblems,suchaserroneousdeadtimecorrection,lossofresolution,andrandomsumming,maybeavoidedbykeepingthegrosscountratebelow2000countspersecondandalsokeepingthedeadtimeoftheanalyzerbelow5%.Totalcountingtimeisgovernedbytheactivityofthesample,thedetectorsourcedistance,andtheacceptablePoissoncountinguncertainty.1.1Thispracticecoversthemeasurementofradionuclidesinwaterbymeansofgamma-rayspectrometry.Itisapplicabletonuclidesemittinggamma-rayswithenergiesgreaterthan50keV.Fortypicalcountingsystemsandsampletypes,activitylevelsofabout40Bq(1080pCi)areeasilymeasuredandsensitivitiesofabout0.4Bq(11pCi)arefoundformanynuclides(1-10).Countratesinexcessof2000countspersecondshouldbeavoidedbecauseofelectroniclimitations.Highcountratesamplescanbeaccommodatedbydilutionorbyincreasingthesampletodetectordistance.1.2Thispracticecanbeusedforeitherquantitativeorrelativedeterminations.Intracerwork,theresultsmaybeexpressedbycomparisonwithaninitialconcentrationofagivennuclidewhichistakenas100%.Forradioassay,theresultsmaybeexpressedintermsofknownnuclidicstandardsfortheradionuclidesknowntobepresent.Inadditiontothequantitativemeasurementofgamma-rayactivity,gamma-rayspectrometrycanbeusedfortheidentificationofspecificgamma-rayemittersinamixtureofradionuclides.Generalinformationonradioactivityandthemeasurementofradiationhasbeenpublished(11and12).Informationonspecificapplicationofgamma-rayspectrometryisalsoavailableintheliterature(13-16).1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:13_060_30
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:Castirongatevalves,withmetallicseatandoutsidescrewstem
【原文标准名称】:用致密结构金属铸造的有外轴螺纹的滑阀
【标准号】:DIN3352T.3-1979
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:
【发布日期】:
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:
【正文语种】: